{"id":11487,"date":"2019-09-19T09:52:41","date_gmt":"2019-09-19T07:52:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sma.unipr.it\/biomedicine-museum\/storia\/"},"modified":"2024-12-03T09:41:58","modified_gmt":"2024-12-03T08:41:58","slug":"history","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.sma.unipr.it\/en\/diffuse-science-museum\/biomedicine-collection\/history\/","title":{"rendered":"HISTORY"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='full_slider_1'  class='avia-fullwidth-slider main_color avia-shadow   avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-first   container_wrap fullsize'  ><div  class='avia-slideshow av-m41615g2-251d6b1b88cdcea5fe2fc25eb7a69093 avia-slideshow-featured_large av_slideshow_full avia-slide-slider av-slideshow-ui av-control-default av-slideshow-manual av-loop-once av-loop-manual-endless av-default-height-applied   avia-slideshow-1' data-slideshow-options=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:false,&quot;loop_autoplay&quot;:&quot;once&quot;,&quot;interval&quot;:5,&quot;loop_manual&quot;:&quot;manual-endless&quot;,&quot;autoplay_stopper&quot;:false,&quot;noNavigation&quot;:false,&quot;bg_slider&quot;:false,&quot;keep_padding&quot;:false,&quot;hoverpause&quot;:false,&quot;show_slide_delay&quot;:0}\"  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><ul class='avia-slideshow-inner ' style='padding-bottom: 37.024683122081%;'><li  class='avia-slideshow-slide av-m41615g2-251d6b1b88cdcea5fe2fc25eb7a69093__0  av-single-slide slide-1 slide-odd'><div data-rel='slideshow-1' class='avia-slide-wrap '   ><div class='av-slideshow-caption av-m41615g2-251d6b1b88cdcea5fe2fc25eb7a69093__0 caption_fullwidth caption_center'><div class=\"container caption_container\"><div class=\"slideshow_caption\"><div class=\"slideshow_inner_caption\"><div class=\"slideshow_align_caption\"><h2 class='avia-caption-title '  itemprop=\"name\" >HISTORY<\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class=\"wp-image-39360 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-39360\"  src=\"http:\/\/www.sma.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Tenchini-Biomedical-collection.jpg\" width=\"1499\" height=\"555\" title='Tenchini Biomedical collection' alt='Tenchini Biomedical collection'  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.sma.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Tenchini-Biomedical-collection.jpg 1499w, http:\/\/www.sma.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Tenchini-Biomedical-collection-300x111.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.sma.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Tenchini-Biomedical-collection-1030x381.jpg 1030w, http:\/\/www.sma.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Tenchini-Biomedical-collection-768x284.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.sma.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Tenchini-Biomedical-collection-705x261.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1499px) 100vw, 1499px\" \/><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kb0qgzn2-6d1faf7b1de4f55f6737740f4a182d89\">\n.avia-section.av-kb0qgzn2-6d1faf7b1de4f55f6737740f4a182d89{\nbackground-color:#f9f9f9;\nbackground-image:unset;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_1'  class='avia-section av-kb0qgzn2-6d1faf7b1de4f55f6737740f4a182d89 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_slideshow_full  el_before_av_slideshow_full  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-11487'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-3iifrb-4efa7812157b859fa4d1d917655f208f\">\n.flex_column.av-3iifrb-4efa7812157b859fa4d1d917655f208f{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-3iifrb-4efa7812157b859fa4d1d917655f208f av_one_full  avia-builder-el-2  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-kacg4qas-244e8d5c5593acf9e4d2bc731a5978a1 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Human Anatomy collections on the threshold of the 21st century<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">The origins<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Most likely, anatomical artefacts appeared at the University of Parma during the 17<sup style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;\">th<\/sup>\u00a0\u00a0century, when the Farnese dukes governed the area. The items were prepared in an anatomical and pathological wax casting laboratory, whose real existence is still a subject of scientific investigation. From the end of the 18<sup style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;\">th<\/sup>\u00a0century, during the directorship of Andrea Corsi, the Professor of anatomical Ceroplastics at Parma, the wax laboratory staff\u00a0\u00a0moulded three full-sized statues of the human body. Unfortunately, only two of them have been preserved till nowadays; the features of these works are reminiscent of other wax models provided by the Florentine wax modeller Clemente Susini.<\/p>\n<p>After an interruption at the half of the 19<sup>th<\/sup>century, wax modelling resumed at Parma at the end of the century, through the activity of the anatomist Lorenzo Tenchini, a follower of Cesare Lombroso\u2019s doctrine of forensic anthropometry.<br \/>\nNamed after Lorenzo Tenchini, the anthropological-criminological collection comprises approximately 400 human skulls of criminals and outcasts. They correspond to a collection of mummified human brains (not available for public viewing) and some dehydrated preparations from different body regions.<\/p>\n<p>A unique feature of the Tenchini collection is the possibility of matching some of the skulls and mummified specimens with 37 wax mask (so called\u00a0<em>moulages<\/em>), reproducing morphological features of the face of the people whose bodies Tenchini used for his anatomical dissections. To each mask is associated written information about the personal and legal history of the individual; these documents are preserved in the history section of the Anatomy Library.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='full_slider_2'  class='avia-fullwidth-slider main_color avia-shadow   avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section   slider-not-first container_wrap fullsize'  ><div  class='avia-slideshow av-m416a490-bba60843fbfccf7e21f3f5c2498d5601 avia-slideshow-featured av_slideshow_full avia-slide-slider av-slideshow-ui av-control-default av-slideshow-manual av-loop-once av-loop-manual-endless av-default-height-applied   avia-slideshow-2' data-slideshow-options=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:false,&quot;loop_autoplay&quot;:&quot;once&quot;,&quot;interval&quot;:5,&quot;loop_manual&quot;:&quot;manual-endless&quot;,&quot;autoplay_stopper&quot;:false,&quot;noNavigation&quot;:false,&quot;bg_slider&quot;:false,&quot;keep_padding&quot;:false,&quot;hoverpause&quot;:false,&quot;show_slide_delay&quot;:0}\"  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><ul class='avia-slideshow-inner ' style='padding-bottom: 28.76254180602%;'><li  class='avia-slideshow-slide av-m416a490-bba60843fbfccf7e21f3f5c2498d5601__0  av-single-slide slide-1 slide-odd'><div data-rel='slideshow-2' class='avia-slide-wrap '   ><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class=\"wp-image-39363 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-39363\"  src=\"http:\/\/www.sma.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Biomedical-Collection.jpg\" width=\"1495\" height=\"430\" title='Biomedical Collection' alt='Biomedical Collection'  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.sma.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Biomedical-Collection.jpg 1495w, http:\/\/www.sma.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Biomedical-Collection-300x86.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.sma.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Biomedical-Collection-1030x296.jpg 1030w, http:\/\/www.sma.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Biomedical-Collection-768x221.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.sma.unipr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Biomedical-Collection-705x203.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1495px) 100vw, 1495px\" \/><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kb0qi6l7-eef623fdf9f7c1ba356dce17fb1548c0\">\n.avia-section.av-kb0qi6l7-eef623fdf9f7c1ba356dce17fb1548c0{\nbackground-color:#f9f9f9;\nbackground-image:unset;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_2'  class='avia-section av-kb0qi6l7-eef623fdf9f7c1ba356dce17fb1548c0 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-5  el_after_av_slideshow_full  avia-builder-el-last  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-11487'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-k0qedi7f-b119cbce8b3a8492885881e3616fc245 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">The present<\/h3>\n<p>In the 1920s the anatomical collections were gathered up and housed in the Normal Anatomy Museum, \u00a0located in the building of the corresponding University \u00a0institute, \u00a0in Parma main hospital area.<\/p>\n<p>Between the 1950s and the end of the century came the era of the new anatomical ceroplastics, thanks to Gaetano Ottaviani and Giacomo Azzali, anatomists in Parma. Under their supervision, several three-dimensional wax reproductions of the vertebrate lymphatic vessels were made. In 2006 all materials, both wax-modelled and dehydrated, were reorganized in the Museum of the Department of Human Anatomy, Pharmacology and Medical-forensic Sciences, which housed also the items of the section of Forensic Medicine. Moreover, Prof. Roberto Toni was named as the scientific director of the museum.<\/p>\n<p>In 2012 after the reform of the University, the Museum of biomedical, biotechnological and translational sciences was founded. Nowadays it holds all the collections belonging to the previous museum and is also responsible for the care of other material coming from the section of pathological Anatomy.<br \/>\nAt the present time, the activity of the Museum of biomedical, biotechnological and translational sciences comprises: biomedical robotics, human organogenesis, intersections between morphology and endocrinology over the centuries, techniques of wax modelling restoration, based on biological materials.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":10730,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-11487","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>HISTORY - Sistema Museale di Ateneo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sma.unipr.it\/en\/diffuse-science-museum\/biomedicine-collection\/history\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"HISTORY - 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